醫學教育部
醫用英語 / 19.骨科
【狀況一】Situation 1
You have to use a crutch or walking stick while your leg is in plaster. Also make sure of the following.
你打了石膏的這段期間都要用柺杖，我來告訴你一些注意事項。
Use only a walking stick with a rubber to prevent slipping. Make sure the rubber is secure.
你使用的柺杖要選底部附有橡皮墊的比較好，每次行走前最好確確一下螺絲及橡皮墊是否穩固。
Wear pants with proper length and non-slip shoes while walking.
行走時要穿著適當長度褲子及合腳防滑的鞋子。
When standing, put the bottom of the walking stick/crutch ten centimetersin front of your toes and ten centimeters outward.
站立時，枴杖底部放置於腳尖前10公分再向外側10公分處。
Use your arm to support your body when walking. Place the top of the crutch two fingers away from the armpit in order to avoid pressing the nerves in your armpit (axillary nerves). Start to walk slowly, then increase your speed gradually.
你在行走的時候要以手臂力量支撐身體，枴杖頂部腋下二橫指，以避免臂神經叢受到壓迫，然後採漸進性増加枴杖行走的活動量。
Keep your floors dry. Move items in the house that can cause anobstruction out of the way and keep your hallway clean to prevent slipping and stumbling. If you slip and fall, it will influence your recuperation.
平常在家要維持地面乾燥，障礙物要移到邊邊，保持走道的通暢，以免滑倒或絆倒，若不小心滑倒，嚴重的話會影響到患肢的復原哦！
As the injury heals, you will feel extremely itchy inside the plaster cast. Don’t scratch it with any sharpened objects as this may infect the wound again.
快要好的時候會覺得石膏裏面很癢，千萬記得不要用筆或者尖銳的物品來抓癢，以免使傷口再度受傷感染。
【狀況二】Situation 2
Your diet is too rich. Your uric acid is too high. You should start to control your diet.
你吃的飲食太好囉！尿酸值很高哦！要開始注意一下飲食的控制了。
Be careful with your diet. Don’t eat big meals and don’t drink liquor. Reduce seafood, meat and animal intestines. You should eat low purine food, such as eggs, milk and other dairy products, sea cucumbers, rice, noodles, fruit, and jelly.
平時要注意飲食，不吃大餐不喝酒，少吃海鮮、肉類及動物內臟。最好吃低普林的食物如蛋、牛奶、海參、米麵類、乳製品、水果、果凍等。
Also drink more water to help discharge uric acid. If you drink any liquor, don’t drink too much because it reduces the discharge of uric acid.
除此之外，還要記得多喝水，以利尿酸排出，但注意，若喝酒的話要小心不可過量哦！因為酒會降低尿酸的排出。
Also, remember to come back to the hospital to examine the uric acidconcentration in your blood regularly. Keep your uric acid at a normal level to prevent the onset of symptoms.
還有，要記得定期回來醫院檢查血液中的尿酸濃度，以控制尿酸維持在正常的濃度範圍，以免發作產生症狀。
If you feel a sudden severe pain in your joints, it means you have an acute attack. You can elevate the painful area and apply an ice pack. Take the prescribed medicine till the symptoms have gone or you get diarrhea.
如果突然覺得關節很痛的話就表示是急性發作，此時可以將患部抬高、冷敷、服用醫生開給你的藥，直到症狀消退或腹瀉為止。
【狀況三】Situation 3
You drink too much coffee. Take calcium supplements to preventosteoporosis.
你平常喝太多咖啡了，要多補充鈣質，以免得到骨質疏鬆症。
Drink more milk, and eat more green vegetables and beans. Both dried fish and dried shrimp contain sufficient calcium.
平常要多喝牛奶，多吃綠葉蔬菜，多吃豆類食物，小魚乾、蝦米都是富含鈣質的食物哦！
Exercise regularly and get some sunshine. This will help to absorb the calcium.
要有適量的運動和晒太陽，以促進鈣質的吸收。
Furthermore, quit unhealthy habits, such as drinking large amounts of coffee.
還有，要戒除不良習慣，例如：喝大量咖啡。
You can supplement your calcium levels with calcium tablets or Vitamin D.
也可以佐以鈣片或維他命D來補充鈣質。
Another important thing to remember is that osteoporosis does not only affect the elderly. It is good to do a bone density examination regularly while you’re young to prevent osteoporosis.
還有一個很重要的觀念，不要以為骨質疏鬆症只有老年人才會有，定期檢查骨骼密度，及早預防才是治本之道。
【狀況四】Situation 4
You sprain your ankle because you are not careful when moving objects.
你搬東西時不小心才會扭傷腳踝。
Apply an ice pack within twenty-four hours after injury. Apply hot packing after twenty-four hours. Any of these should not be kept on the injury for longer than twenty minutes.
受傷後24小時內要冰敷，24小時以後才可以熱敷，每次敷的時候不要超過20分鐘。
Limit your movements so that your injury will not worsen.
這幾天盡量不要做太大的動作，以免傷得更嚴重。
Stay away from spicy foods, such as chili and other spicy condiments, for a while.
刺激性的食物如：辣椒、辛香料，先暫時不要吃。