醫學教育部
醫用英語 / 17.皮膚科
【狀況一】Situation 1
What you got is urticaria, or nettle rash. This is a kind of allergic dermatosis. Therefore, don’t eat any seafood in the next two weeks. Also, don’t eat food such as mangos or nuts which may worsen your allergy.
您得的是蕁麻疹，這是一種過敏性的皮膚病，因此這二個星期內您都不要吃海鮮類食物，另外像芒果或堅果類的食物也都不要吃，免得過敏得更嚴重。
Is there anything I have to watch out for ?
那還有什麼其他要注意的嗎？
Don’t scratch when you feel itchy, as this will cause the skin to be totally scratched off and get infected. Don’t make the water too hot when you take a shower or a bath, because this will make your skin itchier.
癢的時候不要去抓，以免破皮後造成感染；另外，洗澡時不要洗太熱的水，太熱的水會造成皮膚更癢。
【狀況二】Situation 2
The milk spots (milias) on your face are an allergic reaction that might be caused by too much cold medicine which your body cannot metabolize. Stop all medicine you are taking now. To recover fully, you have to apply the prescribed ointment regularly.
您臉上一粒粒的可能是感冒藥吃太多，身體無法完全將藥物排出而產生的過敏反應，請您現在務必停止一切藥物，醫生開給您的藥，請您務必定時塗抹，這樣才會比較容易好。
How long will it last ?
那大概要多久的時間啊？
At least one week.
最快也要一星期哦！
Gosh! It means I will look ugly for a whole week ?
天啊！那我不就要醜一個星期了嗎？
【狀況三】Situation 3
Could you please tell me what I should watch out for after getting cosmetic laser surgery ?
請問雷射治療後要注意些什麼？
Keep the wound away from water for the first three days after treatment. You can use wet towels to wipe your face. Use sterile cotton swabs with boiled water or hydrogen peroxide to clean affected areas, and apply the ointment prescribed by the doctor at least twice daily.
治療後前三天患部盡量少碰水，您可以用濕毛巾擦臉，每天以消毒棉棒沾開水或雙氧水清潔乾淨後塗抹醫師開立之藥膏至少兩次。
After about three days, the wound will have formed a scab. After that, the wound may get wet, but don’t touch or scratch the scab.
大約三天後就會開始乾燥結痂，此時可開始碰水，但請不要用手指撥弄或刮除痂皮。
The scab will fall off in approximately five to ten days. At this time, the skin will look deep red. If the wound does not heal, keep applying the ointment to avoid infection, and don’t wear any make-up during that time.
痂皮大概會在5~10天脫落，這時皮膚會呈現深紅色，如傷口未癒合則應持續塗抹藥膏以免發生感染，此外，這段期間要避免化妝。
Also, avoid sunshine and don’t use suntan lotion. Wear a hat or use a sunshade when you go out for at least three months.
還有，應避免陽光照射並使用防曬乳液，出門要戴帽子或撐陽傘防護持續至少三個月。
If you feel pain, take some oral painkiller (analgesic) such as panadol.
如果會痛的話，可以口服止痛劑（如普拿疼）。
You will feel a scorching heat and some swelling for about one day after treatment. You can use cold boiled water on gauze or a towel with ice cubes inside on the wound to ease the pain.
另外，治療後之灼熱感及腫脹會持續一天左右，可以紗布沾冷開水濕敷，或以毛巾包裹冰塊冰敷。
【狀況四】Situation 4
I keep getting acne. It’s really annoying. How can I prevent it ?
我一直長青春痘，好討厭哦！該如何預防呢？
Getting sufficient sleep is the best way. Don’t stay up late at night, avoid emotional situations or stress which may cause insomnia (sleeplessness), and get regular exercise.
平常要有充足睡眠，這是最好的美容方法，養成規律的生活習慣，儘量減少熬夜，避免因情緒或壓力造成的失眠。
Try to stay relaxed and happy, decrease emotional agitation and psychological pressure, and balance your diet.
保持開朗愉快的心情，減少情緒激動或心理壓力，均衡的飲食。
If the situation gets worse, choose cosmetics, skin care products, and cleanser s which are suitable for acne. Wash your face once or twice daily.
如果青春痘比較嚴重的話，則要選擇適宜的化粧、保養、清潔用品、洗臉次數大致上以早晚兩次為宜。
I get athlete's foot in summer. Is there anything I can do to prevent it ?
為何我的香港腳一到夏天就不好？有沒有什麼預防的方法？
Fungus grows easily in warm moist places. In modern society, people wear shoes all the time. Because shoes do not breathe and feet sweat in summer, fungus grows easily in the moist circumstances. That’s the reason why athlete's foot returns year after year for many people. But, when the winter comes, feet don’t sweat so much and become drier in the cold weather, so athlete's foot seemsto be cured without medicine.
黴菌最喜歡待在高溫潮濕的地方，而現代人一天到晚都穿著鞋子，由於鞋子不透氣加上夏天腳流汗，在這濕熱的環境裏黴菌就很容易生長，所以到了夏天很多人的香港腳就會復發；可是一到了冬天氣候寒冷，腳部不流汗而變得較為乾燥時，香港腳似乎又不藥而癒了。
The best prevention is to maintain foot hygiene. Keep your feet dry to prevent fungus from growing. Therefore, dry your feet and the gaps between toes thoroughly after taking a shower or a bath or when your feet are wet for any other reason. Try to wear shoes which can breathe or sandals.
預防方法最重要的就是要注意足部衛生，保持腳部的乾燥才能防止黴菌的滋生。因此洗完澡或流汗後，要趕快把腳及趾縫擦乾，夏天儘量穿通風的鞋子或涼鞋，不要穿不透氣的鞋。
Also, wear clean absorbent socks made of natural fibers instead of nylon or silk. Change them every day and alternate your shoes. Don’t walk barefoot, especially in public bathrooms, to prevent the spread of the fungus and the possibility of infection.
另外，襪子要穿能吸汗的棉織品，不要穿尼龍襪或絲襪。襪子要天天換，鞋子要準備兩雙輪流穿，讓另一雙有足夠的時間乾燥後再穿。不要赤腳在公共浴室或地板行走，以免把香港腳傳給他人或減低自己罹患香港腳的機會。
Use the ointment prescribed by your doctor regularly. Don’t stop using the ointment before the infection has cleared up totally, as your athlete’s foot won’t be cured completely. That will also cause drug resistance.
還有，開給你治療香港腳的藥，一定要按時擦，不可以以為快好了就不擦，這樣是無法治療成功的，而且還會產生抗藥性呢！